A protection relay is a smart device that receives inputs like current, voltage, resistance, temperature, or even light, compares them to set points, and provides outputs such as visual feedback in the form of indicator lights and/or an alphanumeric display, communications, control warnings, alarms, and turning the power off and on. They are used for…

The Actuator Sensor Interface is a standard Fieldbus interface for connecting binary actuators and sensors in a PLC, DCS, or PC-based automation system. It is the only worldwide standardized bit-oriented Fieldbus. Traditionally, actuators and sensors were connected to a PLC controller or other controller using parallel wiring. The complex nest of wires was hard to…

电动汽车非盟的现在和未来tomotive industry, yet it may not be easy to believe the first electric cars were introduced in the 1880s. The electric technology in automobiles was shunned due to cheaper gasoline cars and the unexpected developments and innovations in internal combustion (IC) engines. Electric vehicles, a greener…

LoRa (“long-range”) is an excellent wireless communication solution without networking capabilities. It’s a reliable, energy-efficient, encryption-secured, low-cost wireless connectivity technology. And as its name suggests, it offers an extremely long range. LoRa operates at the physical layer of an OSI model and is implemented at the chip level — excluding the network management protocol. This…

Usually, when we talk about robotics, the first thing that flashes into mind is robotic manipulators equipped with end-effectors, driven by actuators, guided by sensors, and controlled by microcontrollers. The mechanical hardware always impresses viewers, but it is the robotic software underneath, that brings these magnificent machines to life. Most of the small robots are…

嵌入式设备是物联网的灵魂。任何物联网网络本质上都是通过Internet连接微控制器供电的“事物”的媒介。大多数物联网设备中心的微控制器是无法运行标准操作系统的简单，资源受限的低功耗芯片。微控制器通常会用最小的固件代码闪烁，以执行……

可以(控制器区域网络)协议开发eloped by the European automotive electronics company Robert Bosch GmbH in 1983 for in-vehicle networks. The intention behind the development of the CAN protocol was to enable robust data communication between different Electronic Control Units (ECU) and Microcontroller Control Units (MCU) of a vehicle on a single wire…

许多事情进一步推动了工业互联网（IIOT）；其中之一是洛拉（Lora），这是由Semtech Corporation开发和拥有的专有的无线通信技术，该技术代表扩展范围。洛拉的关键特征是超级远距离，低功耗，数据加密，多重用法和低成本。覆盖范围长达10…

Imagine data transferring over your local wireless network at the speeds of light. Light Fidelity or Li-Fi is a ground-breaking innovation that has made it possible. Data communication through optical fibers has already made data communication available at light speeds over long distances. Light Fidelity has filled the space for optical communication in the wireless…

集成电路（ICS）是电子产品的代名词。无论有任何电子设备，肯定有一个或多个IC。没有ICS没有电子设备。电子产品变得如此流行，广泛接受且普遍适用，这都是由于集成电路的发明。集成电路是单个半导体上完整电子电路的微型整合…

A System on Chip or an SoC is an integrated circuit that incorporates a majority of components present on a computer. As the name suggests, it is an entire system fabricated on a silicon chip. The beauty of an SoC is that it integrates all the components on a single substrate. In semiconductors, a substrate…

低功率设计是一种使用一系列技术和方法的系统，目的是优化电池寿命并减少系统的整体功率耗散。为了优化功率，有许多低功率技术取决于所选设计的水平，从半导体技术到更高的水平……

A diode is a two-terminal device that acts as a one-way switch. The Schottky is a metal-semiconductor diode known for very low forward voltage in which the metal forms the anode and the n-type semiconductor acts as the cathode. The diode is named after German physicist Walter H. Schottky. It is also called Schottky barrier…

An integrated circuit, or an IC, is a miniature circuit made up of thousands or even billions of transistors. It can be described as a set of electronic circuits fabricated on a semiconductor material. Usually, this material is silicon. The integration of MOS transistors leads to chips being faster, smaller in size, and less expensive…

A tunnel diode—also called Esaki diode because Leo Esaki invented it in 1957—is a heavily doped PN junction diode that exhibits negative resistance and high conductivity due to the tunneling effect. In signal diodes (small signal diodes and rectifier diodes), charge carriers gradually overcome the depletion region. In a tunnel diode, the charge carriers spontaneously…

Machine learning is the future of computer theory and computational electronics. In the past decade, advances in machine learning, deep learning, and artificial intelligence have changed how computing power is utilized. In the future, the developers may not be writing specific user-defined programs. Instead, they will be fabricating algorithms to let the computers perform assigned…

Data science has not just remained a field of scientific computing and research. In the newly internet-connected world with pocket computers everywhere, data science, machine learning, and artificial intelligence are far more applicable than ever imagined. No doubt, the very first leap in the practical applications of machine learning and artificial intelligence happened when enterprise…

Mass is one of the seven basic physical quantities. In real-world applications, mass is often realized in the form of the object’s weight. The weight is the force of gravity acting on a body due to its mass. How is the weight of an object measured? It is done by sensing pressure exerted by it…

by Charles Pao, senior marketing specialist, CEVA Motion sensing devices are all around us and in several of the electronics that we use daily. Motion sensors are in earbuds – noticing taps to change songs or pausing music when we take them out of our ears. They’re used for head tracking in virtual reality (VR)…

Machine learning and deep learning are the backbones of present-era artificial intelligence. While researchers are still finding their way to Artificial General Intelligence (AGI), the Weak/Narrow Artificial Intelligence has already grabbed a spot in all major industries. Almost 37 percent of organizations are using some form of Narrow AI in 2021. Artificial Intelligence has become…